Discussing about How to Manage Mosque professionally

At this time the Muslims keep trying to build a mosque. Then came the new mosques in various places, in addition to many renovations over the old one. The spirit in trying to build the house of God is the right to make us proud. Almost all corners of the country there is no place that does not have a touch with the building of the mosque. Some of them are small and cute 

And some  people support   in so many positive physical building mosques average. Where the mosque was built, there was a lot of participation in a variety of ways to raise funds. The spirit and motivation of the people in the building and fundraising which is determined by the management of special tricks in every mosque in mobilizing and involving people.

So the desire is strong and the people are very enthusiastic in building the mosque, it must be balanced with the use of the function of a mosque in developing people. It seems that the function of the mosque in developing people no longer appropriate, particularly in countries back, like the mosque at the moment only functioned as mandhoh religious services and does not reach yet for social services and other religious-lain.Untuk this reason, it is important for the management of the mosque to understand the management of the mosque as well.

Keywords: Management, mosques, and Social.

A. Introduction

Although management initially dikaIangan world grow and expand the business, industry and Minter, but in the subsequent development turned out very useful and much needed in a variety of businesses and activities, including the organization of the management of the mosque. In modern dards, in mans development of various disciplines and technologies very rapidly, there is no single organization that does not use management. Management mosque dew asa int characterized by globalization, must face challenges and problems very complex. Hence the wave of foreign cultures that are destructive to encourage pars manager of the mosque to prepare  good management and quality.

Management mosque prepare kits can not be separated from the guidance of al-Quran and al-Sunnah, the second source of Islamic teachings that we mengem¬bangkan a mosque management in accordance with bim¬bingan Prophet Muhammad. As an activity that is very commendable, penge¬Iolaan mosque must be carried out professionally and led to the modern management system, so that it can over come  tents changing developments in society advanced 

B. Discussion

1. Management in Simple Definition

Management is a science to manage sushi activity, in order to achieve a goal, to work together efficiently and well planned. As a new science that developed ahead twenty abed, terns management is growing rapidly, according to the development of era .  that today can be used for spa activities of the king, which is cooperate  to achieve goals effectively and efficiently, or business activities as small as possible and get maximum results.

Management Science moves to streamline all elements of management, namely the people, money, goods, machinery and so on. At least not done through the four functions of management abbreviated POAC namely (i) Planning, (2) Organizing, (3) Actuating and (4) Controlling) Experts' other adds some functionality, as the development of dart four functions above are: ( 1) research, or research, (2) staffing or placement of personnel, (3) evaluating and (4) budgeting or budget revenue and expenditure. 

The mosque is an organization that became the center of worship, preaching and Islamic civilization, for its management to be more efficient and effective use of knowledge management needs. Management will  be developed  in this case can not be separated from the frame of Islam, because it before  discussing further, it should be examined first  ,regarding the function of the mosque at the time of the Prophet and the picture of our mosque's ideals, or mosque deparan period. 

2. Functions of the Prophet Muhammad Mosque Future

Mosque, etymologically understanding is isim meal of the word "sajada" "yasjudu" - "sujudan", which means place of prostration, in order to worship Allah SWT or place for prayers. Indeed, to worship or prayers, botch done in mans are the origins there is no prohibition, as stated Prophet Muhammad: "... the whole bumf cite me as a place of prostration (mosque) and the land can be used for purification ..." (HR. Muslim). That fact gives sushi understanding, that the place to bow down or do Shale is not tied to a particular place, it will be allowed to conduct anywhere in the universe may  even done  in livestock barns though, fulfilling the  origin provisions have been set.

Understanding the mosque sociologically, which developed in the Indonesian Islamic community, understood as a place or a particular building is used  for Muslims to offer prayers, which consists of obligatory prayers and sunnah prayers, either individually or congregation. He intended also to perform worship-other and praying  jumat prayer , understood as a mosque used for prayer and praying rawatib jurreat, often called jami 'or mosque jami'. While similar houses the mosque used to perform the obligatory prayers and the Sunnah, which is not used for prayer jum`at called "mushalla '. This word isim mertunjukkan meal of" Shalla "-" yushalli "-" shalatan "which means a place of prayer. From the definition above can be understood that any means jugs mushalla mosque, but not every mushalla is a mosque. mushalla often called talus, violated, surau, meueasah and so forth.

In the early development of Islamic proselytizing  Medina period, when the Prophet emigrated, first built a mosque Quba is the foundation on piety to Allah SWT, done by mutual cooperation by rnasyarakat in place. He founded by rnasyarakat and for the benefit of society in order to practice the teachings of Islam. "Surely a mosque founded on piety (Quba Mosque), since the first day is more worthy  prayer in it.  there are people who want to purify  themselves. And Allah loves those who sucr (Surah al-Tawbah : 11:18). After the construction of Quba mosque, Rasul SAW proceeded to Madina, thence his first was to build a mosque rays were then called Nabawi mosque. in this mosque Rasul SAW foster rnasyarakat Islam, which begins with fostering a society consisting clan multi-racial, multi-ethnic, multi-religious, Islamic Society scouted Prophet Muhammad managed to balk, so that it becomes a people is admired  by friend and foe alike and become a world leader in his time.

Functions Nabawi mosque at the time of the Prophet Muhammad, can be described among others , as follows:

 (1) To implement mandhah worship such as prayer mandatory, sunnah prayers, prostrate, i tikaf and sunnah prayers as incidental as Id prayer, the prayer for eclipse and so on. Once a week every Friday held Friday prayers preceded by two sermons to nurture faith and piety of the Muslims 

(2) As a center of education and teaching Islam. The Prophet often received the revelation in the mosque of Medina, and teach it to the friends in various ways such as legal, social, regulatory and various other teachings. The companions of the Prophet perform a variety of scientific activities at the mosque, including the study and discuss the sources of Islamic teachings surnber. In the mosque of Medina also provided a special place for those who specialize kegiatarmya to explore the religion known Ahlal Amu-Shuffalr. The next function

 (3) as an information center / slam Prophet delivering a wide range of information in the mosque including  as a place to ask for the companions 

(4) Place menyelesai¬kan proceedings and disputes, resolve legal issues and judicial and became the center of the settlement of various problems that occur in society. The next function

 (5) of the mosque as a center of economic activity. The definition of economic activity, is not meant as a center for trade or industry, but as a center for the birth of ideas and Islamic economic system, which spawned wealth and income distribution for mankind in a fair and impartial. The next function 

(6) as the center of social and political activities. Social activities, is indispensable to the mosque as a gathering place for jarna'ah in various Iapisan society. Dad atmosphere of social interaction that happens mutual benefit and mutual love. Political activity is also not Hiss removed from the life of the mosque, because of political and human life is a unity that can not be divorced separated. Political developed here is a high-level political nature Islarni not dirty cheap political clan harm to society. Many more lungs! Another can be developed from the description in the base that can be more detailed.

Mosque in the Future

Entering the third millennium, the mosque should organize itself with an amazing figure me¬nampilkan dad both in terms of physical buildings, architecture, art and their facilities. Management activities should be managed modem and imitate the function of the mosque at the time of the Prophet Muhammad, the cars do the actualization of understanding, of pemaharnan textual, contextual to the conceptual heading. Actualization of the role of the mosque happens to rnasa Prophet, for example, can be done by: 

(1) the construction of physical facilities were adequate, the mosque should be built with the preparation as well as possible in various aspects, so as to accommodate a variety of activities that have been planned   and well designed ,

 (2) Activity should mahrthah berlalan worship regularly, thus helping to bring concentrate  for those who worship there. Therefore any purity, cleanliness, dignity and grace should be maintained. 

(3) As a center of education, geared to educate the youth of Islam in the establishment agidah ( belief ), practice sharia and morals, especially at the level of kindergarten and elementary school, non-formal education is done in mosques on many levels, not limited to high school or undergraduate course. Preparing audio-visual means for the education of the history of Islam, is equipped with a movie, VCD, DVD, and so on. Any school that wants to learn the history of Islamic education can contact pars mosque to invite students to visit the studio set up there. The next actualization 

(4) as an Islamic information center, managed modem with Internet media, including equipped with fax, email, website and so on. With this medium is expected to facilitate the public memperoIeh Islamic information widely and deeply 

(5) Fitness propaganda realized by pembenhikan proselytizing institutions, discussions regularly, mosque youth activities, publication of books, magazines and brochures and other mass media including elektronilc media. 

(6) Center for problem solving (problem solver) could be realized with pars recruiting experts in various disciplines, including pars scholars to provide solutions to various permasaahan that arise in the community. 

(7) As a center of social, economic and political, the mosque was designed to be shared by all groups of Muslims from the group, social group and any party. Thus every Muslim feels memffilci the mosque and feel a shade that is very helpful.

In political activity, should avoid political activities lowly just won particular group and  momentary political interests. To realize a situation conducive towards that need to be programmed as possible, managers recruited dart variety among Muslims, preachers and pengajamya jugs drawn from various Islamic organizations. Worship and social activities in furuiyah ( branches ) problem, should pay attention to the groups that exist in the community has a grip mulamart .People who has  educated so tolerant of the differences  of Fiqh ( comprehension )  or other nature  different  idea of certain thing 

4. Management of Masjid

Management or idarah mosque, also known as the Mosque Management, the outline is devided  into two parts: (1) Physical Development Management Masjid (Physical Management) and (2) Guidance Function Masjid (Functional Management)? Physical Development Management Masjid include the management, development and physical maintenance of mosques, the maintenance of cleanliness and elegance mosque and facilities management tarnan-fasilitts available. Coaching function of the mosque is the use of mosque's role as a center of worship, preaching and Islamic civilization as mosques exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad.

Madinah  as a center of worship, the mosque was prepared such that the implementation of worship such as praying five times, Friday prayers and sunnah prayers berjatan with a balk in accordance with Islamic teachings. The management of the zakat, fasting and pilgrimage given implementation guidance through the mosques. As a center of propaganda, the mosque should be initiated the activity  of  propaganda  either written, oral, electronic and propaganda bil things. This can be done for example with the establishment of proselytizing. In anticipation of the expansion of the mosque can be done by establishing the institutions under its aegis. The institutions it serves as an extension of the program that has been set. Regarding the number is adjusted to a growing need in the mosque as Hajj and 'Umrah agencies, development agencies, BMT and so forth.

Activities and management of mosques require large funds, because it is not enough just to rely on the result of the drum is held every Friday and every recitation. Masjid emotion has remained a source of funds and prestigious, for example rnengembangkan certain industries by utilizing market share. This can be done for example by leasing the building for wedding receptions, seminars, implementation kursus¬kursus needed in the community, and conduct other business activities. Included in order to raise funds for the mosque's activities is the establishment of BMT Iembaga Hajj and Umrah mem-open mini market clan so on.

Organization of the mosque with a variety of discretion including financial issues that must be managed in a transparent manner, so that the congregation may exist that follow the development of the mosque as well. The mosque is perceived as belonging together and benefit maximally by pilgrims going to pat mends strong support, either in terms of development and funds.

5. The management Mosque

The success or failure of the mosque sualu management, rely heavily on established management system implemented dart in management and organization. As a simple example in this paper put forward the organization structure of the mosque complete with sections and institutions. The composition of the board presented only as an example. Rnasing each area can develop it further or more simply in accordance with the needs and conditions in each area.

The mosque trustees composed and some of these people, in their duties should not be berjahtn alone. Coordinator Masi and cooperation are the principal characteristics in organizational practice. Kekom¬pakan in the works between the mosque caretaker indispensable balk in implementing the program and in an effort to solve the various obstacles and hambatart the lead. Compactness mosque caretaker influence on ke¬hidupan mosque. The activities of the mosque will go well and be successful if implemented by the board compact cooperate. Various obstacles and constraints encountered in the implementation of activities will be easily overcome by the board compact shoulder to shoulder. Without the mosque caretaker compact, for example, chairman and secretary walk on their own or one of them is off, then there is an imbalance in the management resulting in mosque activities  and paralyzed. Therefore, the mosque committee should at least have the character of mutual understanding, taking help clan would counsel advised that all goes well:

a. mutual understanding

Each board needs to have a mutual understanding, recognizing differences in function and position of each. They are prohibited from interfering and authority, as well  as corrected  not hamper each other. If an administrator is absent and can not perform his duties with full understanding, others replace the board. Conversely, when one of the administrators act , others straighten it. straightened understanding must accept. The growth of mutual understanding between the mosque caretaker, God willing, glue cohesiveness and integrity of fellow administrators.

b. Mutual help

The mosque trustees also need to have a sense of mutual help or trying to help each other. Pralctek mutual help it pertama¬tama certainly related to the employment relationship. If there is a caretaker who experience difficulties in performing the task, the other administrators trying to help and support it if there is no such atmosphere,the postphone of  execution of duties and it influence  will be felt by the entire board. Will become more harmonious if the positive climate in the employment relationship applied in personal and family relationships. When one of the administrators affected communities, for example, another caretaker try to  help and assist him, at least they come to visit.

c. counsel advised

For the  mosque management also needs to edify each other. If there are officials who make mistakes  in performing the task, is to be happy to accept reprimands and suggestions of the board to another. In his capacity as Chairman of, for example, is authorized to admonish and advise his staff, but on the other hand he too should be willing to take advice, receive advice and if necessary criticism of his staff, without should be offended and angry

His life is an atmosphere of mutual understanding, help-menalong and sating advised fellow board allows the entire execution of tasks can run balk, smoothly and achieve the goals that have been outlined. Compactness mosque caretaker will be maintained steady if all the personnel earnestly membinanya and melestarikan¬nya. Conversely, if the board is going to happen of course ignore organizational wheels rolling is broken.

C. Conclusion

As the implementation of the Mosque Management and coaching community, in order to obtain maximum results, according to experts rnanajemen need to do the steps as follows:

1. Growing develop the ability of people to people, either individually or in groups.

2. Ruatkan bond among members of the public and caused the seriousness of their work.

3. provide complete information and valid for anyone who engages in an activity.

4. Develop a deal and give their fellow spirit.

5. Berariilah mengarnbil risks and solve problems creatively.

DAFTAR  PUSTAKA

Ike Kusdyah Rachmawati, 2004, Manajemen: Konsep-kansep Vasar den Pengantar Teari, Malang, LIMM Press.

Jabrohim, ed., 2001, Menggapai Desa Sejahlera Menuju Masyarakat Utama, Yogyakarta; Pustaka Pelajar.

M. Ayub, dkk, 1996, Manajemen Masjid, Jakarta: Gema lnsani Press, Rosyad Sholeh, 1977, Manajemen Dakwah Islam, Jakarta: Bulan Bintang. Sidi Gazalba, 1994, Masjid Pusat Ibadah dun Kebudayaan Islam, Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Husna.