(Tafsir Surah at-Tawbah [9]: 123)
] يا أيها الذين آمنوا قاتلوا الذين يلونكم من الكفار وليجدوا فيكم غلظة واعلموا أن الله مع المتقين [
O ye who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who are around you that, and let them feel the force of you. Know that Allah is with those who restrain themselves. (Surat al-Tawbah [9]: 123).
This clause contained in a letter at-Tawbah. In this letter, in some verses, Muslims are commanded to fight the polytheists whole. Including this paragraph.
When this verse was revealed, the fight against the polytheists direct command can be executed. Because, when it Daulah Islamiyah had stood firm. This includes the last letter revealed to the Prophet. 1
exegesis verse
Allah SWT. said: Yes ayyuhâ alladzîna amanu qâtilû al-ladzîna yalûnakum min al-kuffar (O ye who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who are around you that). Said qâtilû is fi'l al-amr of mashdar said al-qital or al-muqâtalah. In language, the word al-muqâtalah mean al-muhârabah (war) .2 The definition of war is certainly a war fisik.3
The word is a form mudhari yalûna of al-Waly which means al-qurb wa al-dunuw (close) .4 yalûnakum word can be interpreted by yaqrubûna minkum (which is close to you) .5 Based on these meanings, this verse can understood as a command to the believers to fight the infidels close to them.6
Some of the verses in Surah at-Tawbah above (ie, paragraph 5, 29, and 36) had instructed Muslims to fight the unbelievers overall. However, in order to combat them in the same time of course not possible. That might be done is to fight against a group of them first. Due to be selected, then the closest to didahulukan.7
