Some important component of dakwah

Some important component of dakwah

In all activities carried out by a person, would have a goal to be achieved. The purpose of da'wah is the main basis for the determination of targets and strategies and operational steps da'wah. Clearly, the purpose is a guideline that should not be ignored in the process of organizing da'wah.

Determination of this goal for the guidance of the direction of da'wah activities carried out, so as to achieve the expected results. According to H.M. Arifin, the purpose of dakwah is "to develop the understanding, awareness, appreciation and practice of religious teachings brought by the proselytizing apparatus or da'wah torch".

In addition, according to Hafi Anshari, the missionary mission is materially directed to the objectives, among others:

1) awaken people to the real meaning of life

2) removing man from darkness or misguidance into a bright, bright light under the rays of divine guidance.

From the above objectives, universally the purpose of dakwah is to seek the pleasure of Allah and also spread Islam and remind people to keep the command of Allah SWT. Da'wah can be said to be true if aims to seek ridho Allah alone, without any frills other purposes derived from the passions of the implementer of the da'wah. For that the da'wah activists should call the people of God's path with the correct method as the Prophet Muhammad and his companions did. Any da'wah that is not in accordance with the purpose will not be accepted by God, although in the eyes of a dakwah activist has been considered to achieve success.

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Many missionaries neglected this noble cause. Dakwah motivation is no longer solely because of Allah, but mixed with other low motives. They want a worldly purpose to accompany their da'wah. There are those who expect popularity, some who want to be close to the businessman, and some even seek wealth through da'wah. They seem to have netted many followers to feel his call as something right. Though their da'wah far distorted, both in terms of goals and results.

A. The subject of da'wah

Every Muslim who is in the world is the perpetrator of da'wah (the subject of da'wah), this is because humans are the Caliph on this earth. As the subject of da'wah a Muslim should not be absent in the activities of da'wah, there is no exception for someone to leave da'wah in the circumstances and in any situation.

"The subject of da'wah which is the most important element in the implementation of da'wah, can be interpreted as a person who perform da'wah, that is people trying to change the situation to the situation in accordance with the provisions of Allah SWT, both individually and in the form of groups, as well as providing information and emotion ". The subject of da'wah is also known by several titles, including:

1) Da'i is a guide to people who want to get the salvation of life of the world and the hereafter. Therefore the position of da'i in the midst of society is a figure who is recognized and respected because of the science he mastered, ketauladanannya in the middle of society, because the deeds and behavior da'i always used as a benchmark, then with important position in the middle Society, da'i must be able to apply the knowledge of religion that dikuasainya and can donate their knowledge for the benefit of society.

Da'I is "a person who performs da'wah both oral and written or deed and either individually, group or in the form of organization or institution". From this understanding, at least da'i must:

A) able to complete the burden assigned to himself as a preacher with a wide range of religious knowledge;

B) capable of transforming human life is more valuable and gives them the ability to make their life in this world as an investment for their life in the hereafter;

C) individuals or individuals who always exist and consistent with the purpose of da'wah, its functions and roles.

2) Dakwah activists

The word da'wah activist consists of two syllables namely activist and da'wah. The notion of an activist according to a large Indonesian dictionary is "people (especially members of political, social, labor, patani, youth, student, women) organizations who actively work to encourage the implementation of an activity or activities in their organizations". While da'wah is "all efforts to spread Islam to others in all fields of human life to get happiness in the world and the hereafter."

So the notion of activist da'wah, indirectly written by Fathi Yakan is "people who are willing to sacrifice beyond the limits of other sacrifices. Sacrifices that prioritize the benefits of Islam above all else. Significant sacrifices are circulating in the axis of Islamic struggle, regardless of the conditions faced and no matter how expensive a sacrifice is "

3) Counselor

The counselor comes from the word counsel, which is supplemented by the suffix "-or", which denotes the meaning of the actors of an occultation. Counselors are people who provide guidance, advice, or advice. From this understanding it can be seen that the counselor is a person who gives advice with the form of suggestions and suggestions in the form of communicative conversation, so it can help a person to realize personal reactions to the influence of behavior from the environment and help someone form the meaning of his behavior.

In relation to the activities undertaken by the counselor, then it is in line with the words of the Prophet who said that "religion is the advice". In addition, the activities undertaken by the counselor is also contained in the Qur'an letter Asy-Syuuro verse 52, which means:

"And thus we reveal to you, the revelation of the Qur'an by my command, before you do not understand what the Qur'an (al-Qur'an) is and neither understands what faith is, but we make the Qur'an The light by which we show whomever we wish among our servants. And surely you (Muhammad) can give guidance (guiding) to the right path ". (QS Asy-Syuuro: 52)

From the above verse has been explicitly and implied, that a counselor should be able to develop the potential of mind, psychology, faith and belief and can overcome the problematic life and life of clients who owned, properly, correctly and independently berparadigma to al-Qur ' And as-Sunnah Rasul SAW.

From the description above can be seen that da'I, da'wah activist and counselor has a goal to help mad'u faced in evoking the fighting spirit in the mad'u so that he can overcome thousands of problems of life with faith and a firm belief in Allah SWT . In addition, in the terminology there are also different uses in the mention of da'I, da'wah activist and counselor in everyday life.

Da'i, usually acting passively. That is, da'I is more likely to wait for a call in performing Islamic da'wah, in addition, the da'I movement is more individual or individual. As with da'wah activists, they tend to make movements without waiting to be called. In addition, da'wah activists conducted in an organized container shaded by an institution or harokah-harokah Islamiyah. While the counselor, the activities are more emphasized in the face of clients who have psychiatric problems
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B. Object of Da'wah

Islamic Da'wah is a universal and natural da'wah that calls on people regardless of the boundaries of race, color or language. Object of dakwah is man who become target of da'wah or human recipient of da'wah, either as individual or as group, whether human being is Moslem or not, or in other words human with all its advantages and disadvantages.

To humans who are not Muslim, da'wah aims to invite them to follow the religion of Islam; While to those who have been Islamic da'wah aimed at improving the quality of faith, Islam and ihsan. Da'wah object consists of various kinds of human groups. Therefore, categorizing it equals to classify the person himself, the profession, the economy, and so on. The classification of dakwah objects are as follows:

1) societal groups seen in sociological terms, in the form of isolated, rural, large and small cities, and communities in the marginal areas of big cities;

2) community groups viewed from the social-cultural side, in the form of priyayi, abangan and santri groups;

3) class of society in terms of occupational, in the form of farmers, traders, artists, laborers, civil servants and the like;

4) community groups viewed in terms of socio-economic level of living, in the form of the rich, middle and poor;

5) community groups viewed in terms of sex, in the form of women and men;

6) community groups viewed in terms of special, in the form of community groups prostitutes, homeless, tuna works, inmates and so forth.

From the description above, each community group has special characteristics that will require system and method of da'wah approach that is different from each other, so that will achieve the afiveness and efficiency in da'wah activities in each class.

A da'wah activist who does not have enough knowledge about the society that became the object of his da'wah is the candidates of activists who will experience failure in his da'wah. Knowledge of this dakwah object can be obtained through research formally or informally or literally, and more empirically.

C. Method of da'wah

The problem of da'wah method revolves around the problem of how the ability of the dakwah subject to adjust the material to the situation and condition of the object, the field of da'wah, and the goal of da'wah to be achieved.

In terms of language the method comes from two words namely meta (through) and hodos (way, way). Thus the method is the way or path that must be passed to achieve a goal. Another source mentions that the method derived from the German methodica means the teaching of the method. In Greek the method derives from the word methodos, which means path, which in Arabic is called thariq. When freely defined, the method is the way that has been arranged and through the process of thinking to achieve a purpose. While understanding the method of da'wah in term is "certain ways that a da'i (communicator) to mad'u to achieve a goal on the basis of wisdom and compassion".

In addition according to Alwisral Imam Zaidallah, da'wah method is "how to deliver da'wah so the target of da'wah or al-mad'u is easy to digest, understand, believe in the material delivered".

The main guiding method of da'wah is contained in the Qur'an letter an-Nahl verse 125, which means:

"Call men to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good lessons and dispute them in a good way. Verily your Lord He is the one who knows better who is lost in His Way and He is the one who knows the guided. " (Surat an-Nahl: 125)

The explanation of the division of da'wah method contained in the Qur'an an-Nahl: 125 is:

A. Al-Hikmah

"As a method of da'wah, al-wisdom is interpreted as wise, noble mind, broad chest, clean heart, attracting people to religion or God." This method usually targets intellectuals or educated people. Against them must be precise, logical, accompanied by clear-cut propositions for the truths conveyed, eliminating any doubt.

B. Wal wants to be a hasanah

"Mau'idzatil hasanah can be interpreted as an expression that contains elements of guidance, education, teaching, stories, happy news, warning, positive messages that can be used as a guide in life in order to obtain the salvation of the world and the hereafter. Al-mau'idzatil hasanah is a good lesson, in which the lesson can help mad'u to solve or overcome the problems at hand. The subject of da'wah in this case must really master the material containing the lessons that are very useful for mad'u.

C. Al-mujadallah bi al-lati hiya ahsan

"Al-mujadallah is a synergic exchange of opinions by two parties, which does not give rise to hostilities in order for the opponent to accept the proposed opinion by providing strong arguments and evidence". In this method, the object of da'wah is invited to dialogue or discuss. The subject of da'wah is required to respect the opinion of the object of da'wah. The dialogue should give satisfaction and relief to the opponent or the opponent of the discussion.

A dakwah subject must first know the object of da'wah to be faced and recognize the form of the event to be faced, so as to facilitate the subject of da'wah to determine the method to be used.